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Retirement income and savings take many, many forms but don’t come with a whole lot of instructions when it comes to which to tap first. Liquid savings? Stocks? Bonds? Home equity? Social Security?
Even the sale of equipment from a business can produce a good chunk of change, though where that comes in the pecking order assumes you have a pecking order in the first place.
Confused? It’s understandable.
Everyone’s retirement situation differs and there’s no paint-by-numbers guide to pulling money in a foolproof sequence. Rather, a clear-eyed assessment of your situation — best done in conjunction with a financial professional — can help you make sense of where to start.
The good news is that certain rules of thumb apply to most retirees. This roadmap offers suggestions for drawing from the right sources at the right time, in the right order.
Cash is king for those who hope to kick off the golden years in royal style. If you’ve built cash reserves that surpass your emergency fund, start your withdrawals there.
For starters, cash doesn’t work for you the way investments do. In fact, it loses value in direct proportion to inflation. The effects may startle you, as $2,000 in the year 2000 could purchase $3,600 worth of goods today if the money kept pace with the cost of living. But is cash sitting in a shoebox or a zero-interest checking account? It would still be worth $2,000 today.
The good news is that you can grow your cash, even in retirement, with certificates of deposit (CDs) that offer high rates of return in exchange for securing your investment with the bank for a fixed term.
The next place you should look for withdrawals is your taxable accounts. The logic is that taxable brokerage accounts are the least tax-efficient because they’re subject to capital gains and dividend taxes.
However, when buying and selling stocks, it’s important to remember how strategic losses can help you offset your gains, thereby maximizing your overall returns through tax savings.
You can ensure you’re making the right choices by working with a financial advisor in retirement to ensure your plan for withdrawals gives you the most bang for your buck. Research from Vanguard shows that investors who consult financial advisors can see up to a 3% increase in net returns compared to those who plan for their retirement alone.